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🩺 Managing Malignant Germ Cell Tumours: Key Insights and Surveillance Strategies

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  🩺 Managing Malignant Germ Cell Tumours: Key Insights and Surveillance Strategies Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (MOGCTs) are a rare yet critical subset of ovarian cancers, constituting 1.5% of cases in Europe.  With approximately 100 diagnoses annually in the UK, effective management and meticulous follow-up are essential. Here are some crucial points and surveillance strategies for managing MOGCTs:  🔍 Early Detection and Treatment - Prevalence: MOGCTs represent 1.5% of ovarian cancers in Europe. - Early Diagnosis: 60-70% are diagnosed at an early stage. - Initial Treatment: Typically treated with surgery followed by active surveillance or adjuvant chemotherapy. - Chemotherapy Sensitivity: MOGCTs are more responsive to chemotherapy compared to other ovarian tumour   🏥 Surgical Considerations - Radical Surgery: Recommended for women who have completed their family or are beyond childbearing age, including total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. - Less Invasive
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What is Chronic Pelvic Pain? A Simple Guide to Understanding and Managing It .. reference gtg 41 ,2012

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What is Chronic Pelvic Pain? 🤔 Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) is pain that occurs in the lower abdomen or pelvis and lasts for at least 6 months. It can be constant or intermittent and is not necessarily related to your menstrual cycle, sexual activity, or pregnancy. CPP can significantly impact your daily life and well-being, affecting about 1 in 6 women. 🌸 Gathering Information 🩺  ask  about: The nature of your pain: When did it start? How often does it occur? Is it constant or does it come and go? What does it feel like (sharp, dull, burning)? Associated symptoms: Do you have bladder or bowel problems, such as pain during urination or bowel movements, or changes in bowel habits? Menstrual history: Is the pain related to your menstrual cycle? Sexual history: Does the pain occur during or after sexual intercourse? Psychological factors: Are you experiencing stress, anxiety, or depression? Previous medical conditions: Have you had any surgeries, injuries, or infections that might relate
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🌟 Caesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy: Essential Insights 🌟 reference : Cesarian scar ectopic preg tog 2017.

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Introduction Caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP) is a rare but increasingly common form of ectopic pregnancy where the gestational sac implants within the scar of a previous caesarean section. With the rise in caesarean deliveries, understanding and managing CSP is crucial for obstetricians and gynecologists. Incidence and Diagnosis 📈 Rising Incidence:The number of CSP cases is climbing due to the increased frequency of caesarean sections. Estimates of CSP incidence range from 1/1800 to 1/2500 of all pregnancies. It has been estimated that 6.1% of pregnancies in women with at least one previous CS and a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy will be CSP 🩺 Diagnosis:  Early and accurate diagnosis is vital. A high index of suspicion is necessary, particularly in women with a history of caesarean delivery presenting with atypical bleeding. Ultrasound, especially transvaginal with color Doppler, is the gold standard for diagnosing CSP. if suspicion we can use MRI Pathophysiology 🔬 Mechanism:
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